Class 10 Physics MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions) 50 MCQ's

 

Class 10 Physics MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions)

In this article, we will cover Class 10 Physics MCQs. Based on the NCERT syllabus, this section includes essential topics such as Light, Electricity, Magnetic Effects of Current, and the Human Eye. These concepts form the foundation of Physics and are crucial for understanding the physical world. Practicing these MCQs will help students reinforce their knowledge, enhance problem-solving skills, and prepare thoroughly for their exams.

1. What is the speed of sound in air at room temperature?
a) 150 m/s
b) 340 m/s
c) 1500 m/s
d) 300 m/s

2. Which of the following is the formula for calculating speed?
a) Speed = Distance / Time
b) Speed = Time / Distance
c) Speed = Mass / Distance
d) Speed = Distance × Time

3. What is the law of reflection?
a) Angle of incidence + Angle of reflection = 90°
b) Angle of incidence > Angle of reflection
c) Angle of incidence < Angle of reflection
d) Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection

4. What is the main cause of refraction of light?
a) Change in wavelength of light
b) Change in color of light
c) Change in speed of light
d) Change in angle of incidence

5. Which of the following is a vector quantity?
a) Time
b) Distance
c) Speed
d) Velocity

6. What is the formula for calculating electric power?
a) Power = Voltage × Current
b) Power = Current / Voltage
c) Power = Voltage / Current
d) Power = Current × Current

7. What is Ohm’s law?
a) V = I/R
b) V = IR
c) V = I2R
d) V = R/I

8. What is the unit of electric charge?
a) Volt
b) Ampere
c) Watt
d) Coulomb

9. Which of the following waves can travel through a vacuum?
a) Water waves
b) Sound waves
c) Light waves
d) Seismic waves

10. What is the main difference between series and parallel circuits?
a) Parallel circuits are always safer
b) In parallel circuits, current is divided among the branches
c) Series circuits have more than one power source
d) In series circuits, voltage is divided among the components

11. What is the primary cause of the greenhouse effect?
a) Increase in carbon dioxide and other gases
b) Decrease in carbon dioxide levels
c) Increase in oxygen levels
d) Increase in ultraviolet radiation

12. What type of lens is used in magnifying glasses?
a) Concave lens
b) Convex lens
c) Convex mirror
d) Plane mirror

13. Which of the following is a feature of an image formed by a plane mirror?
a) Virtual and upright
b) Real and inverted
c) Real and diminished
d) Magnified and inverted

14. What is the unit of frequency?
a) Newton
b) Hertz
c) Ampere
d) Watt

15. What type of energy is stored in a battery?
a) Kinetic energy
b) Chemical energy
c) Thermal energy
d) Potential energy

16. Which of the following is an example of a non-contact force?
a) Gravitational force
b) Friction
c) Tension
d) Normal force

17. What is the primary source of energy on Earth?
a) Wind
b) Fossil fuels
c) Sun
d) Geothermal

18. What is the SI unit of work?
a) Watt
b) Joule
c) Ampere
d) Newton

19. What is the formula for calculating work done?
a) Speed × Time
b) Mass × Velocity
c) Energy × Time
d) Force × Distance

20 A student plots V-I graphs for three samples of nichrome wire with resistances R1, R2 and R3. Choose from the following the statements that holds true for this graph. (2020)

(a) R1 = R2 = R3
(b) R1 > R2 > R3
(c) R3 > R2 > R1
(d) R2 > R1 > R3
Answer:
(d) : The inverse of the slope of I-V graph gives the resistance of the material. Here the slope of -Rj is highest. Thus, R2 > R1 > R

21. . What is the critical angle for total internal reflection?

a) 90°
b) 60°
c) 45°
d) 0°

22.  Which of the following occurs when light enters from a denser medium to a rarer medium?

a) Diffraction
b) Absorption
c) Reflection
d) Refraction

23. What causes the phenomenon of a rainbow?

a) Diffraction
b) Dispersion
c) Reflection
d) Refraction

24. What does a resistor do in an electrical circuit?

a) Increases current
b) Decreases current
c) Changes current direction
d) Stores electrical energy

25. What is the direction of the magnetic field around a current-carrying conductor?

a) In the direction of the current
b) From the north pole to the south pole
c) Perpendicular to the wire
d) In circular loops around the wire

26. What is the unit of magnetic field strength?

a) Tesla
b) Ampere
c) Volt
d) Watt

27. What is the formula for calculating electrical power?

a) Power = Current × Voltage
b) Power = Current × Resistance
c) Power = Voltage × Resistance
d) Power = Current × Distance

28.  What is the near point of the human eye for a normal person?

a) 75 cm
b) 50 cm
c) 25 cm
d) 100 cm

29. What is the main function of the human eye’s retina?

a) Focus light
b) Regulate pupil size
c) Produce tears
d) Detect light and send signals to the brain

30. What type of mirror is used in car headlights?

a) Concave mirror
b) Parabolic mirror
c) Convex mirror
d) Plane mirror

31. What is the purpose of using an electromagnet?

a) To convert mechanical energy into electrical energy
b) To produce a temporary magnetic field
c) To store electric charge
d) To create a constant magnetic field

32. What is the function of the pupil in the human eye?

a) To focus light on the retina
b) To detect colors
c) To control the amount of light entering the eye
d) To protect the eye from dust

33. What is the purpose of the commutator in a DC motor?

a) To reverse the direction of current
b) To reverse the direction of the magnetic field
c) To regulate the speed
d) To increase the current

34. The focal length of a convex lens is 20 cm. What is the power of the lens?

a) +5 D
b) +0.5 D
c) -5 D
d) -0.5 D

35. If a wire of resistance 10 ohms is cut into 5 equal parts, what is the resistance of one part?

a) 50 ohms
b) 2 ohms
c) 10 ohms
d) 5 ohms

36.  What is the focal length of a lens with a magnification of -1.5 if the object is placed at a distance of 30 cm from the lens?

a) -30 cm
b) +30 cm
c) -45 cm
d) +45 cm

37.  A current of 3 A is flowing through a conductor placed in a magnetic field of strength 0.5 T. If the length of the conductor is 2 m, what will be the force on the conductor?

a) 3 N
b) 1.5 N
c) 6 N
d) 0.5 N

38.  What is the effect of doubling the resistance in a circuit with constant voltage?

a) The current doubles
b) The current halves
c) The power increases
d) The power remains constant

39. What is the total resistance when three resistors of resistance 2Ω, 3Ω, and 5Ω are connected in series?

a) 2Ω
b) 3Ω
c) 10Ω
d) 5Ω

40. Which of the following devices uses the magnetic effect of electric current?

a) Electric motor
b) Electric bulb
c) Battery
d) Capacitor

41. In a simple circuit, the total current is 2A and the resistance is 5Ω. What is the potential difference?

a) 7V
b) 10V
c) 2V
d) 5V

42. How can the direction of the magnetic field around a current-carrying wire be determined?

a) Right-hand thumb rule
b) Fleming’s left-hand rule
c) Lenz’s law
d) Ohm’s law

43. Which of the following is a material that is NOT magnetic?

a) Nickel
b) Iron
c) Cobalt
d) Copper

44. Assertion (A) : The metals and alloys are good conductors of electricity.

Reason (R) : Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin and it is not a good conductor of electricity.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of the assertion (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of the assertion (A).
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true. 

45. A cylindrical conductor of length ‘l’ and uniform area of cross section ‘A’ has resistance ‘R’. The area of cross section of another conductor of same material and same resistance but of length ‘2l’ is (2020)

(a) A2
(b) 3A2
(c) 2A
(d) 3A

46. Assertion (A) : Alloys are commonly used in electrical heating devices like electric iron and heater.

Reason (R): Resistivity of an alloy is generally higher than that of its constituent metals but the alloys have low melting points then their constituent metals.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of the assertion (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of the assertion (A).
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

48. Calculate the resistance of a metal wire of length 2m and area of cross section 1.55 × 106 m², if the resistivity of the metal be 2.8 × 10-8 Ωm

49, The maximum resistance which can be made using four resistors each of resistance 

12 Ω is
(a) 2 Ω
(b) 1 Ω
(c) 2.5 Ω
(d) 8 Ω 

50. The maximum resistance which can be made using four resistors each of 2 Ω is

(a) 2 Ω
(b) 4 Ω
(c) 8 Ω
(d) 16 Ω